Clinical Nutritionist Practice Test

What characterizes a central IV line in intravenous nutrition?

1. It delivers a limited number of calories

2. It enters a large vein for high-calorie delivery

3. It is used for short-term nutrition

4. It is less invasive than a peripheral line

The correct answer is: It enters a large vein for high-calorie delivery

A central intravenous line is specifically designed to enter a large vein, typically the superior vena cava, allowing for high-calorie and nutrient-rich solutions to be delivered directly into the central circulation. This method is particularly advantageous for patients who require total parenteral nutrition (TPN), which provides essential nutrients that might not be feasible or safe through enteral routes, such as in cases of bowel obstruction or severe malabsorption. The ability to deliver high concentrations of calories and nutrients without the risks of fluid overload in smaller peripheral veins is critical when dealing with patients who need intensive nutritional support. Additionally, the large vein can accommodate fast infusion rates, essential for patients requiring quick metabolic support. In contrast, options that suggest limited calorie delivery, short-term use, or being less invasive do not accurately reflect the primary attributes and clinical applications of central IV lines in the context of intravenous nutrition. These options misunderstand the purpose and efficacy of central catheter placement, which is intended for long-term nutritional therapy in patients with significant dietary deficiencies or who cannot use other feeding routes effectively.